Dot Net Interview Questions and Answers
Dot Net Interview Questions and Answers
As the landscape of technology evolves, proficiency in .NET development remains a crucial asset for professionals seeking to excel in software engineering roles. Recognizing this importance, the team at Softloom IT Training has meticulously curated a comprehensive compilation of Dot NET questions and answers. These resources serve as invaluable tools for individuals at varying stages of their career, whether seasoned experts or budding enthusiasts, aspiring to deepen their understanding of .NET development principles.
What is HTML? What is it used for?
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. Web pages are created with this markup language. HTML is used to structure content on the web, defining the elements and their relationships within a document.
What is the purpose of HTML tags?
HTML tags are used to define and structure the content of a web page. They provide instructions to the web browser on how to display the content, such as headings, paragraphs, links, images, and more.
What is CSS, and what is its purpose in web development?
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. HTML documents are presented and formatted using this style sheet language. CSS is used to control the layout, design, and appearance of web pages, allowing developers to apply styles such as colors, fonts, spacing, and positioning.
Explain the difference between inline, internal (or embedded), and external CSS.
Inline CSS: Inline styles are applied directly to HTML elements using the style attribute. They have the highest specificity and override other styles.
Internal (Embedded) CSS: Internal styles are defined within the <style> element in the HTML document’s <head>. They affect elements within that document.
External CSS: External styles are defined in a separate CSS file and linked to the HTML document using the <link> element. They can be reused across multiple pages.
What is JavaScript, and how does it differ from Java?
JavaScript is a scripting language used for web development. It’s primarily used to add interactivity and dynamic behavior to web pages. It has no relation to Java other than a similar name.
Differentiate between null and undefined in JavaScript
null represents the intentional absence of any object value or a variable that has been explicitly set to “no value.”
undefined represents a variable that has been declared but hasn’t been assigned a value.
What is the DOM (Document Object Model), and why is it important in web development?
A DOM is a programming interface for web documents. It represents the structure of a web page and allows JavaScript to interact with and manipulate the page’s content, structure, and style dynamically.
How can you declare variables in JavaScript, and what is the difference between var, let, and const?
You can declare variables using:
var: It has function scope and can be redeclared within the same function.
let: It has block scope and can be reassigned.
const: Reassignment is not allowed since it belongs to a block.
Why is jQuery used in web development?
jQuery is a fast and lightweight JavaScript library designed to simplify HTML document traversal, manipulation, event handling, and animation. It is used in web development to enhance and simplify client-side scripting tasks, making it easier to work with HTML documents and interact with the DOM (Document Object Model).
What is Bootstrap, and why is it used in web development?
Bootstrap is a popular front-end framework that provides a collection of pre-designed HTML, CSS, and JavaScript components and templates. It is used in web development to streamline the process of creating responsive and visually appealing websites and web applications, saving time and effort in design and development.
How do you include Bootstrap in a web project, and what are the different ways to do it?
Bootstrap can be included in a web project using several methods:
Downloading and linking the Bootstrap CSS and JavaScript files locally.
Using a Content Delivery Network (CDN) to link to Bootstrap’s hosted CSS and JavaScript files.
Installing Bootstrap via package managers like npm or yarn for use in modern development workflows.
Explain the concept of responsive web design and how Bootstrap helps achieve it
Responsive web design is an approach that ensures web content and layout adapt to different screen sizes and devices. Bootstrap achieves this by providing a responsive grid system, CSS classes for creating responsive typography, and responsive utility classes for hiding, showing, and modifying content based on screen size.
What is the Bootstrap grid system, and how does it work?
The Bootstrap grid system is a responsive, 12-column grid layout that helps structure the layout of web pages. It uses CSS classes like .container, .row, and .col-* to create a grid. Developers can define the number of columns an element spans at different screen sizes by using class suffixes like -sm, -md, and -lg.
What is SQL, and what is its purpose in databases?
SQL stands for Structured Query Language. It is a programming language used to communicate with and manipulate relational databases. SQL is used to perform various database operations such as querying data, inserting records, updating records, and creating database structures.
What are the basic SQL commands, and what do they do (e.g., SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE)?
SELECT: Retrieves data from one or more tables.
INSERT: Adds new records to a table.
UPDATE: Modifies existing records in a table.
DELETE: Removes records from a table.
Explain the difference between SQL JOINs: INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL JOIN.
INNER JOIN: Only returns rows that have matching values in both tables.
LEFT JOIN: The function returns all rows from the left table and any matching rows from the right table. Null values will be returned for any row that doesn’t match the left table.
RIGHT JOIN: All rows from the right table are returned along with any matching rows from the left table. Rows in the left table that do not match will be returned with NULL values.
FULL JOIN: When both left and right tables match, all rows are returned. Non-matching rows in both tables will contain NULL values.
What is a primary key, and why is it important in a database?
A primary key is a unique identifier for each record in a table. A unique identification and retrieval of each record is ensured by it. Primary keys are essential for data integrity, indexing, and establishing relationships between tables in a database.
Explain the difference between a unique key and a primary key.
Primary keys are columns or sets of columns that uniquely identify each row in a table. A unique constraint is enforced, not a null constraint.
A unique key is a column or set of columns that enforces uniqueness but does not necessarily serve as the primary identifier for a row. Multiple unique keys can exist in a table.
What is the difference between SQL's GROUP BY and HAVING clauses?
When columns of a table contain the same values, GROUP BY can be used to group those rows. It is typically used with aggregate functions like COUNT, SUM, AVG, etc.
HAVING is used to filter the results of a GROUP BY query based on a specified condition. It is applied after the grouping and allows filtering on aggregated values.
What is normalization in database design, and why is it important?
Normalization is the process of organizing data in a relational database to eliminate redundancy and ensure data integrity. It involves breaking down tables into smaller, related tables and establishing relationships between them. Normalization reduces data duplication, improves database efficiency, and helps maintain data consistency.
What is a constraint in sql? What are its types?
An SQL constraint specifies how data should be inserted into a table. A constraint limits the types of data a table can contain. Below in the diagram you can see 6 constraints and their role in SQL Server.
What is a view?
A view is a VIRTUAL table which consists of a subset of data contained in a table or more than one table
What are indexes in sql server?
A SQL index is a very fast way to retrieve data from a relational database
What is inheritance? why inheritance is important?
The purpose of inheritance is to create a PARENT-CHILD relationship between two classes where the child automatically gets the properties and methods of the parent. The benefit of inheritance is that it facilitates code reusability and abstraction.
How to prevent a class from being inherited?
By using SEALED keyword in class
What is abstraction?
By abstraction, we mean to show only the necessary information and hide the background details.
What is encapsulation?
Encapsulation is the WRAPPING together of data and methods/properties
